Atemberaubender Kearney's ""Roter Zwerg"" Füllfederhalter

EUR 146,21 Sofort-Kaufen oder Preisvorschlag, EUR 20,13 Versand, eBay-Käuferschutz
Verkäufer: cufflink-boy ✉️ (1.581) 99.4%, Artikelstandort: Maidenhead, GB, Versand nach: GB und viele andere Länder, Artikelnummer: 195701464789 Atemberaubender Kearney's ""Roter Zwerg"" Füllfederhalter.

Stunning Kearney's 'Red Dwarf' Stylographic  Fountain Pen 

Red Hard Rubber Vulcanite  Eye Dropper Stylographic Fountain Pen Circa 1905 in original box 

Super rare 

Sold as a connoisseur's collectors item rather than a working pen. 

Please check out all the other fountain pens and writing equipment  we are selling this week. 

We will always combine items together to reduce postage costs and make it as cheap as possible.                          

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A Brief History of Fountain Pens

Early prototypes of reservoir pens

It is probable that the Romans had devised reservoir pens  but the earliest mention of what appears to be a reservoir pen dates back to the 10th century when the Fatimid caliph Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah demanded a pen that would not stain his hands or clothes, and was provided with a pen that held ink in a reservoir, allowing it to be held upside-down without leaking.

However the earliest known examples of workable reservoir pens are those designed by the french inventor Bion from the late 17th century. Around the same time in 1663 Samuel Pepys refers to a metal pen "to carry ink?.

Early   patented reservoir pens ....

English inventor John Scheffer (not to be confused with Sheaffer) received a patent for his Penographic fountain pen in 1819 and was obviously a commercial success as quite a number of examples still exist.

The Romanian inventor Petrache Poenaru received a French patent on May 25, 1827, for the invention of  a fountain pen with a barrel made from a large swan quill.[

Mass-manufactured  of steel nibs 

In 1828, Josiah Mason improved a cheap and efficient slip-in nib in Birmingham, England, which could be added to a fountain pen and in 1830, with the invention of a new machine, William Joseph Gillott, William Mitchell, and James Stephen Perry devised a way to mass manufacture robust, cheap steel pen nibs (Perry & Co).This boosted the Birmingham pen trade and by the 1850s, more than half the steel-nib pens manufactured in the world were made in Birmingham. T

Strides forward in technology, namely the invention and perfection of the iridium-tipped gold nib, the Goodyear patent of making Vulcanised hard rubber or "Vulcanite" and a free-flowing less corrosive ink allowed for innovation of successful and useable fountain pens. Henry Stephens were paramount in producing the latter. 

The first fountain commercially successful pens started to be produced in the 1870s and 1880s . 

Duncan MacKinnon, a Canadian living in New York City, and Alonzo T. Cross of Providence, Rhode Island, created stylographic pens with a hollow, tubular nib and a wire acting as a valve.[13] Stylographic pens are now used mostly for drafting and technical drawing but were very popular in the decade beginning in 1875. 

In the 1880s the era of the mass-produced fountain pen finally began. 

The first gold nibbed fountain pens were produced by companies such as De La Rue (1880)  and Burge Warren and Ridgely (1882) in the UK &  Shipmans (1883) Mabie Todd and Bard(1883) and  Watermans (1884) in the USA.

Self-filling pens  began to arrive around the turn of the century including De La Rue?s Onoto plunger filler, the Post Syringe filler produced by both  BWR and Shand  in the UK  and the Conklin crescent-filler and A. A. Waterman's twist-filler. The major success of Sheaffer's lever-filler, patented  in 1912, and Parker's slightly later button-filler created the level of efficiency to create a real mass market for fountain pens . 

After the first world war and the expired of Sheaffers patent , many pen companies took the opportunity to produce lever filling pens cheaply for the masses with many millions made around the world .

In the interwar period celluloid gradually replaced hard rubber, which enabled production in a much wider range of colours and designs.At the same time, manufacturers experimented with new filling systems. The inter-war period saw the introduction of some of the most notable models, such as the Parker Duofold & Vacumatic, and the Swan Leverless.

During the 1940s and 1950s, fountain pens retained their dominance: early ballpoint pens were expensive, were prone to leaks and had irregular inkflow, while the fountain pen continued to benefit from the combination of mass production and craftsmanship.This period saw the launch of innovative models such as the Parker 51 Aerometric , the Parker 61 Capillary filler and the Sheaffer Snorkel .

The 1960s and 1970s saw a real demise in fountain production with many old established companies going into liquidation or being bought by the few remaining players in the market.

Today however the market for fountain pens is buoyant with great success for companies like Mont Blanc and Parker/Waterman experiencing strong sales especially in the limited edition market.

Further Reading ....

1)  The English Fountain Pen Industry  1875-1975 by Steve Hull

2) Onoto the Pen : De La Rue and Onoto Pens 1880-1960 by Steve Hull

3) Fountain Pens for the Million:  The History of Conway Stewart 1905-2005 by Steve Hull

4) The Neptune Pen :  A History of Burge,Warren & Ridgley by Steve Hull & Mike Bryan

see englishpenbooks.co.uk 

Further Reading ....

1)  The English Fountain Pen Industry  1875-1975 by Steve Hull

2) Onoto the Pen : De La Rue and Onoto Pens 1880-1960 by Steve Hull

3) Fountain Pens for the Million:  The History of Conway Stewart 1905-2005 by Steve Hull

4) The Neptune Pen :  A History of Burge,Warren & Ridgley by Steve Hull & Mike Bryan

see englishpenbooks.co.uk 

  • Condition: Gebraucht
  • Sub-Type: Fountain Pens
  • Brand: Red Dwarf
  • Type: Pens

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